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growth in employment        R&D becomes more           are already in place. The time       CII’s research analysis of net   there was a notable uptick in   strengthened corporate   with trading partners has                              ARDL model does not        model. Additionally, two   basis of Schwarz Information   data sources, except data for
         INDUSTRY SHOULD           stimulates aggregate demand   attractive, further enhancing   is opportune for industry to   fixed assets data from 4000+   absolute terms to Rs 25.1   governance. It has enabled   opened new export markets                               require all variables to be   dummy variables representing   Criterion (SIC).    employment and net fixed
         EMERGE AS THE             for goods and services,     production capabilities and   come forward and start            non-financial private sector   lakh crore in H2FY24 from Rs   banks and financial institutions   and enhanced its                                integrated of the same order,   the global financial crisis and                  assets which have been
         PRIMARY CATALYST FOR      perpetuating a cycle of     workforce skills. This creates   investing to give the          companies extracted from   24.2 lakh crore in both H1   to address non-performing   competitiveness. With the                                    thus accommodating both I(0)   the Covid-19 pandemic were   The analysis covers the   obtained from RBI’s KLEMS
         GROWTH BY CREATING        consumption and production.   a self-reinforcing cycle of high   above-described virtuous   CMIE Prowess Database      FY24 and H2 FY23. This rise   assets (NPAs) efficiently,   signing of FTAs with countries                             and I(1) series without    included to isolate the effects   period from 1996 to 2022   database and CMIE’s Prowess
         A VIRTUOUS CYCLE          Additionally, the increased   and sustainable economic   cycle of growth the                suggests that although a   indicates improved          leading to more robust     like Mauritius, the UAE,                                       necessitating pre-testing for   of these significant economic   using data at annual frequency.   database, respectively.
                                   production capabilities     growth.                    much-needed momentum.                moderation was witnessed in   confidence and positive   balance sheets and increased   Australia, and the European                               unit roots. This is particularly   disruptions. The lag length of   Majority of the variables are
        The multiplier effects of   support higher exports,                               As per the latest data from          year-on-year growth terms,   sentiment among private   confidence in the financial   Free Trade Association                                      advantageous given the mixed   each model is selected on the   sourced from government
        private investment are     opening new markets and     Overall, private investment in   the Central Statistics                                    companies.                  sector. IBC, along with Asset   (EFTA), Indian industry has                               order of integration often
        extensive and multifaceted.   deepening integration into   a specific industry sets in   Organization (CSO), private                                                          Quality Review of the RBI has   gained access to global                                   observed in macroeconomic
        Private capex in an industry,   global value chains, which   motion a self-reinforcing cycle   sector savings have increased      Net Fixed Assets of Private Sector Companies  helped in improving the   markets, providing them with                                  data. Further, the model
        such as establishment of new   further bolsters aggregate   of growth that extends to   from 10.0 per cent of GDP in                        (Rs Lakh crore)                   health of India's financial   opportunities to expand                                     allows us to capture both
        manufacturing plants or    income and employment       ancillary industries and the   2011-12 to 11.2 per cent of       26.0                                        25.1      sector with low levels of   production capacities and                                     short and long-term dynamics
        adoption of advanced       opportunities.              broader economy. This      GDP in 2022-23, which could           25.0                                                  stressed assets, high earnings,   integrate into global supply                            between the variables,
        technologies, leads to                                 virtuous circle of growth is an   be deployed for further        24.0                         24.2   24.2              and strong capital and     chains.                                                        thereby providing a nuanced
        enhanced production        As the economy grows, new   adaptation of the          investment. Corporate                                                                       liquidity buffers. The                                                                    understanding of underlying
        capabilities.  Efficient   opportunities for investment   Accelerator-Super Multiplier   profitability has also         23.0           22.7                                   consistent reduction in gross   The potential for private                                 economic processes.
        production processes result   and innovation emerge,   Model developed by Nobel   improved in 2023-24                   22.0   22.0           22.1                            NPAs of Scheduled          investment to drive India's
        in expansion of industry's   initiating a virtuous cycle of   Laureates Paul Samuelson and   compared to the previous                                                         Commercial Banks, from 11.2   economic growth and                                         We estimate three separate
        output, directly creating   growth. As investment in   John Hicks . 1             fiscal year. Net profit of            21.0                                                  per cent in 2018 to 3.9 per   development is immense. The                                 ARDL models to capture the
        numerous jobs. The increase   technological upgrades and                          private firms in Q4 of                20.0                                                  cent in 2023, has resulted in   government has done the                                   dynamic relationship between
        in employment raises the                                                          2023-24 saw an annual                       H1 FY22  H2 FY22  H1 FY23  H2 FY23  H1 FY24  H2 FY24  an improvement in asset   groundwork; it is now up to                               private investment, with Net
        disposable income of                                                              growth of 16.2 per cent                      Note: Includes analysis of 4000+ non-financial private sector companies  quality and adequately   the private sector to take the         Fixed Assets (nfa) of private
        households, which in turn                        Increase in                      compared to 15.3 per cent in                       Source: CMIE Prowess Database, CII Research   capitalized them to provide   baton and lead India towards                           companies taken as a proxy,
                                                          Private
        boosts the demand for goods                      Investment                       the same quarter of 2022-23,                                                                financing for investment   sustained economic                                             and specific economic
        and services.                                                                     indicating increased financial                                                              projects.                  prosperity. With favourable                                    indicators, including real GDP
                                                                                          resources for investment.                                                                                              investment climate and                                         growth (rgdp), employment
                                             High                      Enhances                                                                           business, has significantly
        As production ramps up in a         Economic                   productive         Several factors reflect the            GOVERNMENT HAS           boosted investors’ confidence   A slew of measures     proactive engagement of                                        growth (empl) and export
        specific industry, it creates        growth                     capacity          anticipated rebound in                 CREATED CONDUCIVE        and improved investment     announced in the Union     industry, private investment                                   growth (export). Following
        significant demand for raw                   Private Investment                   private sector investment.             ENVIRONMENT FOR          climate. Reforms to enhance   Budget 2024-25, including   will be the cornerstone of                                  three models were used:
        materials and components,                     creating Virtuous                   Capacity utilization in                THE PRIVATE SECTOR       ease of doing business such as   setting up of integrated   India's journey to becoming a
        stimulating growth in the                     Cycle of Growth                     manufacturing has also risen           TO UNDERTAKE             the National Single Window   technology platform for   developed economy by 2047.                                     Model 1: Real GDP growth
        upstream sectors, thereby           Increases                   Boosts            to 76.5 per cent in Q4 of              INVESTMENTS              System, Shram Suvidha Portal   improving outcomes under                                                               is dependent variable and key
        forming backward linkages.         production                 employment          2023-24 from 74.7 per cent                                      and India Industrial Land Bank,   IBC, reforms and     Estimating the                                                 explanatory variables include
                                              and
        Simultaneously, increased           exports                                       in the preceding quarter,                                       along with acts like the Jan   strengthening of tribunal and                                                          net fixed assets, employment
        output of the specific industry                                                   reaching well above the                                         Vishwas Bill and The        appellate tribunals to speed   impact of                                                  growth and export growth
        creates forward linkages by                      Stimulates                       long-term average of 73.8                                       Mediation Act 2023, have    up insolvency resolution,
                                                          aggregate
        stimulating growth in                             demand                          per cent. The latest round of        A good investment climate   collectively contributed to   digitization of land records,   private                                                Model 2: Employment
        downstream sectors,                                                               CII Business Confidence              provides opportunities and   creating a more favourable   etc. are expected to further                                                           growth is a dependent
        enhancing productivity and                                                        Survey (Apr-Jun 2024) reveals        incentives for the private   business environment,     enhance ease of doing      investments                                                    variable and key explanatory
        competitiveness across these   Indian economy has to shift                        that nearly half of the              sector to invest profitably,   thereby facilitating investment.   business and encourage                                                         variables include net fixed
        sectors. Consequently,     gears such that industry    PRIVATE SECTOR             respondents expect capacity          create jobs and expand     Initiatives like PM Gati Shakti   private investment.   on key                                                        assets, real GDP growth and
        investment in one industry   emerges as the primary    INVESTMENTS ARE            utilization levels in their          output. The government has   National Master Plan and the                                                                                        export growth
        creates a ripple effect in   catalyst for growth by    SLOWLY BUT STEADILY        companies to be above 75             implemented several        National Logistics Policy are   The PLI scheme has emerged   macroeconomic
        ancillary industries, enhancing   creating a virtuous cycle. This   RECOVERING    per cent in Q1 FY25 and 45           measures to create a       aimed at improving          as a key driver of domestic                                                               Model 3:  Export growth is
        demand, productivity and job   virtuous cycle can help lift the                   per cent of respondents              conducive environment for   infrastructure and         manufacturing growth and   parameters                                                     dependent variable and key
        creation through these     Indian economy out of the   The building blocks of growth,   anticipate an increase in their   private investment.     connectivity, ultimately    export competitiveness. By                                                                explanatory variables include
        multiplier effects.        middle-income trap and move   characterized by domestic   domestic investment plans                                    reducing the cost of doing   incentivizing production and                                                             net fixed assets, real GDP
                                   towards the vision of       macroeconomic stability,   during this period. The              Government’s focus on      business and enhancing      exports across 14 strategic   CII Research has undertaken                                 growth and employment
        At an aggregate level, this   becoming a developed nation   robust policy mechanisms,   increase in capacity utilization   simplifying the business   investments.            industries such as electronics,   time series analysis to                                 growth
        chain reaction of increased   by 2047. It is essential for the   strong external account,   is likely to drive private   environment through reforms                          automobiles, pharmaceuticals,   empirically examine the
        production and investment   industry to now step in and   physical & digital      investment activity as               like the reduction in      The implementation of the   and chemicals, the scheme is   impact of private investments                              Rupee-US dollar exchange
        leads to amplified production   be an active participant in   infrastructure impetus,   businesses expand to meet      corporate tax rates,       Insolvency and Bankruptcy   poised to spur investments   on economic growth,                                          rate, 10-year government
        capabilities throughout the   India’s growth story in the   innovation and R&D thrust,   demand.                       decriminalization of minor   Code (IBC) in 2016 has    and position Indian industry   employment and exports                                     securities yield and global
        economy. The resultant     Amrit Kaal.                                                                                 offenses, and initiatives to                           on a global scale. India's   using the Autoregressive                                     growth were also included as
                                                                                                                               foster ease of doing business   substantially improved the   strategic engagement through   Distributed Lag (ARDL)                               fixed regressors in each
                                                                                                                               and reduce the cost of doing   debt recovery mechanism and   FTAs and preferential pacts   model.
        1  Subramanian, K. (2021, Sep 05). The Tectonic Shift in India's Economic Policy. Business Today.
        https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/columns/story/the-tectonic-shift-in-indias-economic-policy-304640-2021-08-20

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